Scraping machine



Sept. 118 1934-, E s EERNEY 133M139?! SCRAPING MACHINE Filed Nov. 29, 1929' (1H0: nmyi Patented Sept. 18, 1934 sures PATENT orricr.

16 Claims.

The invention relates to excavating machinery and more particularly to that class of machines known as scrapers.

In the past, machinery of this type has been characterized by its complicated design causing a multiplicity of parts. Besides adding to the cost of such machines these complicated structures are difficult to maintain in the actual field of operations. As is well known, machines of this type are subjected to considerably rough usage and breakage of them occurs quite frequently. Due to the complicated design of these devices the breakage of one part often causes the machine to become inoperative until that particular party has been replaced.

Present practice employs in general, two 'different types of scraping devices. In one of these the scraper is hung from the frame of the machine and may be operated manually or by fluid pressure means. The second type comprises pivotally mounting a saddle or U shaped member upon an axle of the machine and pivotally supporting the scoop device from this saddle. It is'evident that both designs give rise to a complicated device possessing the inherent defects previously pointed out.

The major object of this invention is the construction of a scraping machine of simple design yet possessing great strength and capable of withstanding much hard usage.

An equally important object of this invention is the devising of a scraping machine which may be provided with a draw bar attachment or a pushing attachment.

Another object of the invention is to devise a scraping machine thescoop of which may be directly connected to the wheels thereof.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a scraping machine having a scoop 40 device pivotally connected to the wheels of the machine and fluid actuated means for positioning the scoop for dumping.

A further object of the invention is the design of a scraping machine having a scoop device piv- 5 otally connected to the wheels, and means pivotally connected to} the draw bar or thrust bar of the machine for'rotating the scoop about the axis of its wheels.

Yet a further object of the invention is the 5 provision of a scraping machine provided with a scoop directly connected to wheels, the scoop being provided with means adapted to bear against the draw bar or thrustbar of the device for regulating the bite of the scoop.

Yet another object of the invention is the designing of a road scraping machine provided with a scoop directly connected to ground wheels, the scoop having a tail gate and fluid pressure actuated means for rotating the scoop about the axisof its wheels into dumping position.

With these and other objects in view. which may be incident to my improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations to be hereinafter set forth and claimed, with the understanding that the several necessary elements comprising my invention may be varied in construction, proportions and arrangement u without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

The invention comprehends' the provision of a road scraping machine possessing a strength capable of withstanding considerable rough usage while having at the same time, a simple design. One method of practically effecting the' concept of this invention isto provide a scoop device directly connected to surface wheels, with' a draw bar or thrust bar connected to the scoop and fluid pressure actuated means connected to the draw or thrust bar and the soop for rotating the scoop about the axis of is wheels into dumping position. 4

In order to make my invention more clearly understood; I have shown, in the accompanying drawing, means for carrying the same into prac- .35

tical effect without limiting the improvements in their useful applications to the particular constructions which, for the purposeof expla nation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side. elevation of machine disclosed in my invention.-

Figure 2 is a rear elevation of the machine shown in Figure 1. I

Figure 3 is a side elevation of a, modified 'form of the machine showing a pushing attachment. r

In the drawing, like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the several views. ,100 There is shown in Figure l a scraping machine having a scoop-or scoop device designatedby the reference numeral 1. The scoop 1 may be of any conventional form, the forward end thereof being open. Adjacent vto the forward end 105 there is provided the customary shoe or bit 2.

As shown in the drawing the top of thescoop is closed. for a portion of its length by atop piece or member 3. Mounted upon the top piece are suitable lugs or projections 4 to which are 110 the scraping secured the hinges 5 of a conventional tail gate 6.

The tail gate 6 is provided with the usual spring latch 7, having 'suitable guides and a cord 8 employed to operate the same. From an inspection of Figure 1 it .may be observed that the lower end of the latch is provided with a tapered portion 7'. When the tail gate is down, the taper 7' and a portion of the latch bar adjacent thereto are adapted to engage a keeper member 7", secured to the scoop, so as to maintain the gate in closed position. While I have shown a latcl; of this description it is to be understood that any other form of latch may be employed if desired. 1

Secured to the bottom of the scoop adjacent to the tail gate are a plurality of angle irons or members 9. As it may be observed from an inspection of Figure 2 the angle irons 9 are secured to the bottom of the scoopj in pairs, and the members of each pair are in spaced apart relation to eaclr'other. Each angle 9 is provided with an opening or hole 10 through which an axle 11, adapted to have a roller or wheel 12 mounted thereon, passes. The axles 11 may be fixedly or rotatively secured to the member 9 in any convenient manner. Likewise, the wheels 12 may be either fixed to the axles 11 or may be rotatively mounted thereon depending upon the manner of mounting employed for the axles.

Shown in Figure 1 is a draw bar 13 associated with the device. 'The draw bar 13 may be of any desired shape, a substantial Y shape being preferred with the ends of the arms of the Y being pivotally attached to opposite sides of the scoop as shownat 14. It is to be understood, however, that other forms of draw bars may be employed without departing from the spirit or the scope of the invention, for example, a draw bar substantially V like in shape may be used. There isprovided in the end of the draw bar opposite to the scoop, a hole 15 adapted to have a suitable coupling connection witha tractor or other pulling device secured thereto.

There is provided upon the body portion of the Y forming the drawrbar 13, a lug or projection 16. Pivotally secured upon the projection 16 as at 17, is a mounting or connecting mem-' ber 18, the opposite end of which is fixedly fastened, in any convenient manner, to a fluid pressure actuated cylinder' 19. The cylinder 19 is provided with the usual piston 20, a piston rod 21, and a customary s ufling or packing box 22, adjacent to the end of the cylinder through which the piston rod extends. Connections 23 are provided at opposite ends of the cylinder for admitting the actuating fluid. Suitable valves (not shown) are employed in connection with the hose members 23 for admitting fluid into the end of the cylinder desired.

Shown in Figure 2 are a plurality of projections 24. The projections 24 are mounted upon the top piece 3 of the scoop, and adapted to be pivotally secured to them are the arms 25 of a yoke generally designated as 26. The base of the yoke 26 is fixedly secured to the free end of the piston rod 21.

vWhile I have shown the yoke projections 24 and the tail gate lugs 4 as being positioned upon the top member 3, it is to be understood that other methods of securing the yoke 26 and the tail gate to the scoop may be employed. If it is desired, the tail gate mountings 4 may be directly secured to the sides of the scoop, and a separate bar, connected to each side of the scoop,

may have the yoke mountings 24 secured thereto. It is obvious that other ways of mounting the yoke and the tail gate upon the scoop may regulators are provided. When the shoe 2 of the scoop is upon the ground it may be observed that the end of each screw 27 is in bearing engagement with the arms of the draw bar. Hence by raising and lowering the screws in the blocks 28 the bite of the scoop may be regulated as desired.

In the operation of the device the scraping machine is coupled or attached to a tractor or power source. The tractor may be provided with an air compressor and suitable tank or hydraulic pumps and a reservoir may be used as the fluid pressure means for actuating the piston 20 in the fluid cylinder 19. Also arranged upon the moving means for the scraper are suitable valves adapted to control the admittance of fluid pressure into either end of the cylinder 19.

As the machineis drawn along the ground or other surface it may be' observed that the shoe, provided upon the open end of the scoop, digs into such surface and will force the earth or other material into the scoop. This condition continues until the scoop'is full.

By the movement of the adjusting screws 27,

the bite of the scoop or the thickness of the layer of material which the scoop will dig may be regulated. r g

When the scoop is fully loaded and it is de-* sired to dump the same, the machine is drawn to the place where the material is desired to be deposited and the travel of the tractor or other power source is arrested. After positioning the scoop for dumping, the proper valve is actuated so as to allow fluid pressure to enter the end of the cylinder adjacent to the draw bar. This results in forcing the piston, piston rod, and yoke 26 to the position shown by the dotted lines in Figure 1. Since the piston rod and the draw bar l3 are pivotally connected to scoop, it will be pushed over upon itself and into the position shown by the dotted lines.

The load is now ready to be deposited and upon releasing the latch 7 by pulling upon the cord 8 the tail gate 6 will swing outwardly and the load will be dumped. It should be observed that the tail gate is hinged upon the scoop in such a manner that when the scoop is in dumping position and the gate has been unlatched it will open due to gravity. o

While transporting the fully loaded scoop to the place where it is desired to dump the same, it is evident that upon actuation of the piston the scoop may be elevated to any amount desired so as to prevent any of the load carried therein being lost by reason 01' it falling out of the scoop.

The scoop having been dumped the piston 21 is now forced downwardly towards the end or the cylinder adjacent to the drawbar, with the result that the scoop is lowered so that the shoe 2 rests upon the grornd. It will be appreciated that after the scoop is lowered, the center of gravity of the tail gate will change so as to cause this member to close. As the tail gate sign permits of a simple structure possessing few parts. Moreover, this design readily lends itself to a machine possessing sufficient strength to withstand a considerable amount of rough usage. This is apparent when considering the fact that during the movement of the scraper while in operation, the load or force upon the scoop is carried by the draw bar and none of it is transmitted to the fluid pressure operated cylinder. Thus it may be seen that the cylinder 19 is relieved of any stress and likewise the yoke 26 with the result that these parts are less likely to be broken. As all of the members forming the'scraper possess a simple design, it will be appreciated that they may be easily repaired in the field without causing the machine to be laid up for considerable periods of time until new parts may be obtained.

There is shown in Figure 3 a modified form of the invention. In this embodiment the device is adapted to be pushed by a thrust bar instead of pulled as disclosed in Figures 1 and 2.

Shown in Figure 3 is a scoop 1 having a shoe, tail gate, and spring latch similar to that previously described. The scoop 1 is also provided with angle irons for securing the wheels of the device thereto.

A. thrust bar 29 is shown associated with the scoop disclosed in Figure 3. Thrust bar 29 may be of a Y like shape, the ends of the arms of the Y being pivotally secured to the scoop as shown at 30. It is obvious, however, that other forms of thrust bars may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Positioned upon thebody of the thrust bar, adjacent to the junction of its arms, is a standard 31. The sandard 31 may be braced in any desirable manner, as 'for example, by the use of a bracing member 32 which is secured to the thrust bar and the standard. It should be observed that a hole or opening 33, for the purpose of coupling the scraper to a power source, is provided in the end of the thrust bar 29.

As in the previously described embodiment of the invention, a fluid cylinder 19 having a piston and piston rod is employed. It should be noted that in this instance the cylinder 19 is fixedly secured to a yoke 26 substantially the same in shape as that shown in Figure 2. The arms 25 of the yoke are pivotally connected at 34 to lugs or projections 35 formed upon the top of the scoop. The free end of the piston rod 21 is pivotally secured to the standard 31 at the upper end of the latter, as shown at 36. In this arrangement it will be well understood that the cylinder moves relatively to the piston, which has no travel due to the fixed connection of the piston rod with the standard 31. To move the cylinder towards the standard, fluid pressure is admitted into the hose connection adjacent to the member 31. The fluid pressure entering the cylinder expands and since the piston is immovable, the cylinder will be caused to move towards the left, thus raising the nose of the scoop from the surface upon which it rests. By admitting fluid pressure through the other hose connection, that is the one adjacent to the scoop, the cylinder will be forced downwardly or towards the right and the scoop will be lowered.

While this type of construction has been shown in Figure 3 it is to be understood that if it is desired the cylinder may be fixedly secured to a connection member similar to that shown in Figure 1 and represented by the numeral 18, while the latter may be pivoted to the standard. This construction would require the free end of the piston rod 21 to be fixedly fastenedto the yoke 26.

It should be noted that the regulatorsassociated with the scoop shown in Figure 1 for the purpose of adjusting its bite are also employed with the pusher attachment shown in Figure 3.

The operation of the machine shown in Figure 3 in general, is the same as that previously described. Here the tractor or other moving means is secured to the thrust bar at 33 and the device pushed along the surface which is desired to be scraped. Since the shoe of the scoop rests upon this surface it is evident that it will dig into it and the amount of the bite of the scoop may be regulated by means of the bite adjuster screws 27. When the scoop has been filled it may be slightly elevated so as to prevent any loss of its contents and the whole device moved to the place where the scoop is to be dumped.

To dump the scoop fluid pressure is admitted into the end of the cylinder adjacent to the standard with the result that the cylinder is driven upwardly or towards the left and the shoe of the scoop is elevated from the ground. Upon the opening of the latch 7 the tail gate 6 will swing open and the load may be deposited. To reposition the scoop for another scraping operation it is apparent that the reverse procedure is followed. As the cylinder .moves tothe thrust bar and that the fluid cylinder re-v mains unstressed. Repair in the field of any broken-parts is also facilitated by the simplicity those skilled in the art, that purely mechanical means, similarly pivoted to the draw bar or standard and to the'scoop, may be substituted in place of the fluid pressure means without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

In the foregoing description it may be appreciated that I have devised a scraping machine possessing sufficient strength to withstand considerably rough usage which'at the same time presents a simple design. Likewise it may be seen that I have devised a scraping machine which is of simple and easy operation due to the fact that the scoop has been directly connected to the wheels of the device and the mechanism for raising and lowering the scoop has been pivotally attached to the scoop and the thrust or draw bar of the machine ,It may also be observed that I have devised a fluid actuated scraping machine having the advantages outlined above.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction herein set forth, by way of illustration, as it is apparent that many changes and variations may be made therein by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention, or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A scraping machine comprising a scoop provided with a tail gate, wheels directly connected to said scoop, a draw bar connected thereto, means connected to said draw bar and to said scoop for rotating the scoop about the axis of said wheels and means for releasing said tail gate, said tail gate swinging open due to gravity when the scoop is in a raised position.

2. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, a draw bar pivotally connected to said scoop, a fluid pressure operated cylinder pivotally connected to said draw bar, a yoke pivotally connected to said scoop, a piston and piston rod within said cylinder, the free end of said piston rod being secured to said yoke.

3. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, a substantially Y shaped draw bar pivotally connected to said scoop, a fluid pressure operated cylinder pivotally connected to said draw bar, a yoke pivotally connected to said scoop, a piston and piston rod within said cylinder, the free end of said piston rod being secured to said ycke.

4. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, a draw bar pivotally connected to the scoop, means upon said scoop adapted to bear against said draw bar so as to regulate the bite of the scoop, a fluid pressure actuated cylinder pivotally secured to said draw bar, a yoke pivoted to said scoop. a piston and piston rod within said cylinder, the free end of the piston rod being secured to said yoke.

5. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels rotatably attached thereto, a tail gate for said scoop, a latch for said tail gate, a draw bar connected to said scoop and means connecting said draw bar to the scoop so as to rotate the latter about the axis of its wheels into dumping position, said tail gate being so hinged upon the scoop as to be actuated by gravity upon the release of its latch when said scoop is in dumping position.

6. A scraping machine comprising a scoop provided with a tail gate having a spring actuated latch, one end of said scoop being directly connected to supporting wheels, the other end of said scoop adapted to bear upon a surface on which the scoop rests, a draw bar pivotally connected to said scoop, and fluid pressure operated means pivotally connected to the draw bar and to the scoop for raising and lowering the scoop into and out of dumping positions, said tail gate being so hinged upon the scoop that when the scoop is in dumping position upon the release of said latch, the tail gate will open due to gravity, and upon lowering the end of the scoop opposite to said wheels onto said surface the tail gate will swing to the closing position and will be automatically latched.

7. A scraping machine comprising a scoop,

wheels directly connected thereto, a thrust bar pivoted to said scoop, means upon said scoop bearing against said thrust bar for regulating the amount of bite of the scoop, a standard formed upon said thrust bar, fluid pressure actuated means pivotally connected to said standard and to said scoop for rotating the scoop about the axis of its wheels.

8. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, a thrust bar pivotally connected to the scoop, a standard formed upon the thrust bar, a cylinder pivotally secured to the scoop, a piston and piston rod within said cylinder, the free end of said piston rod being pivotally secured to the standard.

9.- A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, a tail gate for said scoop provided with a latch connection, a thrust bar pivotally connected to the scoop and means pivotally connected to said thrust bar and to said scoop for rotating the scoop about the axis of its wheels into dumping position, said tail gate being hinged upon the scoop so that upon the release of said latch 'the gate will open due to gravity when said scoop is in a dumping position.

10; A scraping machine comprising a scoop provided with a tail gate, wheels directly connected to said scoop, means connected to said scoop for transmitting a force to the machine adapted to. move the same, other means connected to said scoop and to said first mentioned means for rotating the scoop about the axis of said wheels and means for releasing said tail gate, said tail gate swinging open due to gravity when the scoop is in a raised position.

11. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels rotatably attached thereto, a tail gate for said scoop, means connected to said scoop for moving same in a horizontal plane, means connected to the top of said scoop so as to rotate same about the axis of its wheels into a dumping position and means for releasing said tail gate, said tail gate swinging open due to gravity when the scoop is in a raised position.

12. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels rotatably attached thereto, a tail gate for said scoop, a latch for said tail gate, a bar connected to said scoop for transmitting force to the machine adapted to move same and means connecting said bar to the scoop so as to rotate the latter about the axis of its wheels into a dumping position, said tail gate being so hinged upon the scoop as to be actuated by gravity upon the release of its latch when said scoop is in a 130 dumping position.

13. A scraping machine comprising a scoop, wheels directly connected thereto, abar connected to said scoop for transmitting a force to the machine adapted to move the same, means upon 135 said scoop for regulating the amount of bite thereof, and fluid pressure actuating means pivotally connected to said scoop to produce rotation thereof about the axis to its wheels.

14. In an apparatus of the character described. 140 the combination with a scraper body, of brackets rigidly secured to said scraper body rearwardly thereof, a wheel journaled in saidbrackets and adapted to engage the ground, draft means operatively connected with said scraper body. 5 and means to adjust the scraper body in an arc having the wheel journals as a center.

15. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a scraper body, of brackets rigidly secured to said scraper body at the rear 150 of the scraper body, a pair of wheels arranged rearwardly of the scraper body and adapted to support the scraper body and. the draft device, a hydraulic cylinder pivotally connected to said draft device, and a piston arranged in said cylinder and pivotally connected to said scraper body, whereby movement of the piston in the cylinder causes relative movement between the scraper body and draft device.

ERNEST S. BERNEY; 

